Dementia & Neurocognitive Disorder

What are dementia and neurocognitive disorders?

Dementia and neurocognitive disorders refer to a group of conditions that affect memory, thinking, judgment, language, and the ability to perform everyday activities. While “dementia” is a general term, “major and mild neurocognitive disorders” are clinical terms used to describe a decline in cognitive function that goes beyond normal aging.

The most common type is Alzheimer’s disease, though other forms include vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, and frontotemporal dementia. These conditions tend to worsen over time and can significantly impact a person’s independence and quality of life.

What are the signs of dementia and neurocognitive disorders?

The signs and symptoms vary depending on the type and stage of the disorders, but commonly include:

• Memory loss, especially short-term memory
• Difficulty finding words or following conversations
• Confusion about time, place, or people
• Poor judgment or problem-solving skills
• Changes in mood, personality, or behavior
• Difficulty with routine tasks like paying bills or preparing meals
• Repetition of questions or stories
• Withdrawal from social activities

In the early stages, symptoms may be mild and easily overlooked, but they typically worsen as the disease progresses.

What causes dementia and neurocognitive disorders?

Dementia and neurocognitive disorders can be caused by a variety of factors, including:

• Degeneration of brain cells (as seen in Alzheimer’s disease)
• Reduced blood flow to the brain (vascular dementia)
• Head injuries or traumatic brain injury
• Infections, tumors, or nutritional deficiencies
• Genetic predisposition

Lifestyle factors such as smoking, poorly managed diabetes, and high blood pressure can raise the risk of developing dementia and other neurocognitive disorders.

How are dementia and neurocognitive disorders treated?

While ketamine isn’t a cure for dementia or neurocognitive disorders, it’s shown promise in treating some of the psychiatric symptoms that often accompany these conditions,especially depression, anxiety, and agitation.

Dr. Gentile offers ketamine infusions because of the effects the treatment has on the brain’s glutamate system. The therapy can help improve mood and may also support neural plasticity and connectivity, potentially offering cognitive benefits.

For patients with dementia-related depression or behavioral symptoms that haven't responded to traditional medications, ketamine infusions may provide rapid and meaningful relief, improving quality of life and easing emotional distress.

Seek Dr. Gentile’s professional help and expertise by calling Wyckoff Wellness Center to schedule an appointment or request an evaluation by clicking online today.